Definition catalogue
Every published definition Daylight Commons compares a page with: its source, version, retrieval date and elements.
Updated 2026-10-23.
Daylight Commons compares what a page shows with published definitions from law and platform policy, element by element. This page lists every definition in the catalogue: 15 entries, each quoted from its official source, with the date it was retrieved and a hash of what was retrieved. A badge names the entry and version it used, so it can always be read against the text below.
This compares visible conduct with a published definition, element by element. Findings belong to courts, regulators and the platform. Not legal advice. A media lawyer should review this wording before any public release.
Anyone can challenge an entry or a badge through the challenge form. Changes are listed in the catalogue changelog, and the whole catalogue is CC BY 4.0 in the repository.
United States
Deceptive acts or practices (general standard)
Broader definition, shown for comparison. The statute sets the standard. The Policy Statement is the Commission's own account of the elements it applies; courts have their own formulations.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | A representation, omission or practice | On the page | Required |
| B | Likely to mislead a consumer acting reasonably in the circumstances This is judged from the reasonable consumer's point of view, a question for the Commission and courts. | Not observable | Required |
| C | Material: likely to affect the consumer's conduct or decision about a product or service | Not observable | Required |
| D | In or affecting commerce | On the page | Required |
- US Government Publishing Office, govinfo (United States Code, 2024 edition), retrieved 2026-10-22
- Federal Trade Commission, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Section 5 is the general standard behind the more specific entries. Its two central elements, likely to mislead and material, are judgements for the Commission and courts. A match compares visible elements with the published text.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
28de76e074dde70c74930d24738fda83a837c04bba6304c148051d1600679546, text SHA-2566d18041cecfb47e3f97602089881ca7729f09bf9486f205a52875c4466b8df25 - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
b39a62b96f46f66681f5081242215fe741b2dcb72f26b4b1fbc159a899a5d26f
Unfair methods of competition in or affecting commerce, and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce, are hereby declared unlawful.
Thus, the Commission will find deception if there is a representation, omission or practice that is likely to mislead the consumer acting reasonably in the circumstances, to the consumer's detriment.
Third, the representation, omission, or practice must be a "material" one. The basic question is whether the act or practice is likely to affect the consumer's conduct or decision with regard to a product or service.
Undisclosed material connection in an endorsement
Aimed at the conduct. The Guides are the FTC's administrative interpretation of section 5 of the FTC Act (16 CFR 255.0(a)). They guide how the Commission applies section 5 and sit under it.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | An endorsement: a promotional message for a product that readers are likely to take as a third party's own view | On the page | Required |
| B | A connection between the endorser and the seller The Paid partnership label shows a connection for the labelled posts. For unlabelled look-alikes the connection is an inference from shared template and timing. Contracts and agency rosters in the public record would show it. | On the page | Required |
| C | The connection might materially affect the weight or credibility of the endorsement Materiality turns on how the audience weighs the message, a question about readers. | Not observable | Required |
| D | The connection is not reasonably expected by the audience Audience expectation is a question about readers, answered with evidence from outside the page. | Not observable | Required |
| E | The connection is not disclosed clearly and conspicuously Daylight Commons sees whether a quote carries the Paid partnership label. A disclosure can also sit in an image or a linked page. | On the page | Required |
- Office of the Federal Register and GPO, eCFR, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Daylight Commons sees labels and look-alike posts. Contracts, payments and audience expectation sit off the page. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and the Commission decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
feb1c8cfee82158c16c4210ef320bc93ffb2f414aa2bdce6e6772a77064180ea, text SHA-256bf8ee515e45bdc40dd4269b73ec61e3790c762688a197eb9537d891225663b07
When there exists a connection between the endorser and the seller of the advertised product that might materially affect the weight or credibility of the endorsement, and that connection is not reasonably expected by the audience, such connection must be disclosed clearly and conspicuously. Material connections can include a business, family, or personal relationship. … A material connection needs to be disclosed when a significant minority of the audience for an endorsement does not understand or expect the connection.
For purposes of this part, an “endorsement” means any advertising, marketing, or promotional message for a product that consumers are likely to believe reflects the opinions, beliefs, findings, or experiences of a party other than the sponsoring advertiser, even if the views expressed by that party are identical to those of the sponsoring advertiser.
Misuse of fake indicators of social media influence
Aimed at the conduct. A trade regulation rule issued under 15 U.S.C. 57a. In the eCFR text retrieved, section 465.8 is headed "Misuse of fake indicators of social media influence".
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | The conduct concerns indicators of social media influence (reposts, likes, followers, comments) | On the page | Required |
| B | Those indicators are fake: they do not reflect real people's or entities' activities or opinions Page signals are consistent with fake indicators. They describe the sample as a whole. Two independent signal families are needed before this element is shown as matched. | On the page | Required |
| C | The party purchased or procured them A purchase shows in records such as vendor invoices or enforcement filings. | In a public record | Required |
| D | The party knew or should have known they were fake | Not observable | Required |
| E | They materially misrepresent the party's influence or importance Materiality is a judgement about how the public reads the numbers. | Not observable | Required |
| F | For a commercial purpose | On the page | Required |
- Office of the Federal Register and GPO, eCFR, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Engagement that looks bought can come from the account owner, rivals, fans or vendors acting on their own. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and the Commission decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
0ed274f696f88713e0a1560408acb9b9c611b90959fb686b2afe547df568d6c4, text SHA-2568a17e77e242835bf309049b0286f8d76d01dc38747b0b8aca39d3f994b247e30
It is an unfair or deceptive act or practice and a violation of this part for anyone to: (a) Sell or distribute fake indicators of social media influence that they knew or should have known to be fake and that can be used by individuals or businesses to materially misrepresent their influence or importance for a commercial purpose; or (b) Purchase or procure fake indicators of social media influence that they knew or should have known to be fake and that materially misrepresent their influence or importance for a commercial purpose.
Fake indicators of social media influence means indicators of social media influence generated by bots, purported individual accounts not associated with a real individual, accounts created with a real individual's personal information without their consent, or hijacked accounts, or that otherwise do not reflect a real individual's or entity's activities, opinions, findings, or experiences.
Indicators of social media influence means any metrics used by the public to make assessments of an individual's or entity's social media influence, such as followers, friends, connections, subscribers, views, plays, likes, saves, shares, reposts, and comments.
Fraud by wire, radio, or television (for comparison)
Broader definition, shown for comparison. A criminal statute, and courts decide whether it applies. The circuits state the elements in different words; the DOJ page lists several formulations.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | A scheme or artifice to defraud, or to obtain money or property by false pretenses A scheme is a plan. Visible posts can be part of one, and the plan itself sits behind the page. | Not observable | Required |
| B | Intent to defraud | Not observable | Required |
| C | Use of an interstate wire communication (an online post is a communication sent by wire) Almost any online conduct shows this element, so it carries little weight alone. | On the page | Required |
| D | The communication was made to further the scheme | Not observable | Required |
- US Government Publishing Office, govinfo (United States Code, 2024 edition), retrieved 2026-10-22
- US Department of Justice (archived Criminal Resource Manual), retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Shown for comparison. The elements that give this definition its meaning, the scheme and the intent, sit behind the page, so the table keeps it as a comparison. Courts decide whether it applies.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
1a43985c3f9ca2e28680336d3889d8801a87db2afa7bf16231fde4c0fdfb1594, text SHA-256d9243b2adbea08b7838d4ad1d13b99f523741cf930ae8539a98a729ad45d6785 - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (rendered-text)
08b307acc432d022471e05252e68bd66ccc2b464364a8920b898bf09fc9cd769
Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, transmits or causes to be transmitted by means of wire, radio, or television communication in interstate or foreign commerce, any writings, signs, signals, pictures, or sounds for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice,
Wire fraud requires proof of (1) a scheme to defraud; and (2) the use of an interstate wire communication to further the scheme.
European Union
Advertising transparency on online platforms (context)
A duty of someone else, such as a platform. A regulation that applies directly in every Member State. Articles 26 and 39 set duties for platform providers. Daylight Commons shows them as context. They tell the reader where the platform must show a disclosure or an ad record.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | The platform offers a way to declare commercial content, and some posts carry that declaration | On the page | Required |
| B | Posts that look commercial carry no such declaration | On the page | Supporting |
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), Official Journal text, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Context: Article 26 sets duties for the platform, and the post shows where to look for its ad declaration. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and consumer authorities decide whether the duty was met.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
11b119a7d45f3a10cd41714061f9d907839ef5d1634e41774490f00b95856bbf, text SHA-256d4002674e8b0241388512915e12ae1ad780fe0b26eca565fc953339c8e4d8b1f
Providers of online platforms that present advertisements on their online interfaces shall ensure that, for each specific advertisement presented to each individual recipient, the recipients of the service are able to identify, in a clear, concise and unambiguous manner and in real time, the following: (a) that the information is an advertisement, including through prominent markings, which might follow standards pursuant to Article 44; (b) the natural or legal person on whose behalf the advertisement is presented; (c) the natural or legal person who paid for the advertisement if that person is different from the natural or legal person referred to in point (b);
Providers of online platforms shall provide recipients of the service with a functionality to declare whether the content they provide is or contains commercial communications.
Advertisement repositories of very large platforms (context)
A duty of someone else, such as a platform. A regulation that applies directly in every Member State. Articles 26 and 39 set duties for platform providers. Daylight Commons shows them as context. They tell the reader where the platform must show a disclosure or an ad record.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | An ad repository exists where the advertiser and payer of an ad can be looked up Daylight Commons builds a search link to the repository. The user opens it and reads the results. | In a public record | Required |
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), Official Journal text, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Context: the repository lists the ads a very large platform recorded. A search shows those records, and organic posts sit outside them. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and consumer authorities decide whether the duty was met.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
11b119a7d45f3a10cd41714061f9d907839ef5d1634e41774490f00b95856bbf, text SHA-256d4002674e8b0241388512915e12ae1ad780fe0b26eca565fc953339c8e4d8b1f
Providers of very large online platforms or of very large online search engines that present advertisements on their online interfaces shall compile and make publicly available in a specific section of their online interface, through a searchable and reliable tool that allows multicriteria queries and through application programming interfaces, a repository containing the information referred to in paragraph 2, for the entire period during which they present an advertisement and until one year after the advertisement was presented for the last time on their online interfaces.
(b) the natural or legal person on whose behalf the advertisement is presented; (c) the natural or legal person who paid for the advertisement, if that person is different from the person referred to in point (b); (f) the commercial communications published on the very large online platforms and identified pursuant to Article 26(2);
Paid editorial content not made clear (advertorial)
Aimed at the conduct. A directive that each Member State applies through its national law. Annex I lists practices that are unfair in all circumstances. The same single list applies in all Member States. It covers practices from a business to consumers, so the party must be a trader.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Content presented as editorial or ordinary content is used to promote a product Whether a social media post counts as "editorial content in the media" is a legal question for courts. | On the page | Required |
| B | A trader paid for the promotion Shown for labelled posts, where the poster disclosed the payment. Payment for unlabelled posts sits in records off the page. | On the page | Required |
| C | The payment is not made clear in the content or by images or sounds the consumer can clearly identify Daylight Commons checks for the platform's own paid label. A disclosure can also take other forms. | On the page | Required |
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), consolidated text, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. For unlabelled posts, elements B and C rest on look-alike evidence. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and consumer authorities decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
1ebbb7b9f2c7c7712b0c3bd19f4319cb5a52ac9514dc008bd34084c550f77138, text SHA-256c2a71254a71bb3f40cbe2a2df8a3c1795c5ff1cf5c32c86742ef3b970294b0ae
Using editorial content in the media to promote a product where a trader has paid for the promotion without making that clear in the content or by images or sounds clearly identifiable by the consumer (advertorial).
Falsely representing oneself as a consumer
Aimed at the conduct. A directive that each Member State applies through its national law. Annex I lists practices that are unfair in all circumstances. The same single list applies in all Member States. It covers practices from a business to consumers, so the party must be a trader.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Posts present the speaker as an ordinary consumer giving their own view | On the page | Required |
| B | The speaker is in fact a trader, or acts in the name of or on behalf of one For unlabelled posts, contracts or agency records show this element. | In a public record | Required |
| C | The impression is false Falsity depends on element B and on how the impression was created. | Not observable | Required |
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), consolidated text, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. A fan-style post that shares a template with paid posts is look-alike evidence of payment. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and consumer authorities decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
1ebbb7b9f2c7c7712b0c3bd19f4319cb5a52ac9514dc008bd34084c550f77138, text SHA-256c2a71254a71bb3f40cbe2a2df8a3c1795c5ff1cf5c32c86742ef3b970294b0ae
Falsely claiming or creating the impression that the trader is not acting for purposes relating to his trade, business, craft or profession, or falsely representing oneself as a consumer.
False consumer reviews or endorsements, or misrepresented social endorsements
Aimed at the conduct. A directive that each Member State applies through its national law. Annex I lists practices that are unfair in all circumstances. The same single list applies in all Member States. It covers practices from a business to consumers, so the party must be a trader. Recital 49 of Directive 2019/2161 gives 'likes' on social media as an example of an endorsement.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Consumer reviews or social endorsements are involved (likes, reposts, quote posts) | On the page | Required |
| B | They are false, or are misrepresented Page signals are consistent with false endorsements. They describe the sample as a whole. | On the page | Required |
| C | A trader submitted them or commissioned another person to submit them Records off the page show who commissioned the engagement. | In a public record | Required |
| D | In order to promote products | On the page | Required |
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), consolidated text, retrieved 2026-10-22
- Publications Office of the European Union (Cellar), Official Journal text, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Bought-looking engagement can come from the trader, from rivals or from vendors acting on their own. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts and consumer authorities decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
1ebbb7b9f2c7c7712b0c3bd19f4319cb5a52ac9514dc008bd34084c550f77138, text SHA-256c2a71254a71bb3f40cbe2a2df8a3c1795c5ff1cf5c32c86742ef3b970294b0ae - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
4f2987a941a32c9fae499098554b206e93b26365fea60353e2f886084174b1ac, text SHA-25690f61e53584b248a1e560458561a916da4aa68be17c69a25de69313df2b64570
Submitting or commissioning another legal or natural person to submit false consumer reviews or endorsements, or misrepresenting consumer reviews or social endorsements, in order to promote products.
Traders should also be prohibited from submitting fake consumer reviews and endorsements, such as ‘likes’ on social media, or commissioning others to do so in order to promote their products, as well as from manipulating consumer reviews and endorsements, such as publishing only positive reviews and deleting the negative ones.
United Kingdom
Paid editorial content not made clear (advertorial)
Aimed at the conduct. Schedule 20 lists commercial practices which are in all circumstances considered unfair (section 225). It applies to traders.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Content presented as editorial or ordinary content is used to promote a product Whether a social media post counts as "editorial content in the media" is a legal question for courts. | On the page | Required |
| B | A trader paid for the promotion Shown for labelled posts. | On the page | Required |
| C | The payment is not made clear in the content or by images or sounds the consumer can clearly identify | On the page | Required |
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk (revised text), retrieved 2026-10-22
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. For unlabelled posts, payment rests on look-alike evidence. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts, the CMA and trading standards services decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
5877aa445ee67ccd6bd271d78ae0d7abf0c063ee493623ca99a26c8008ef6743, text SHA-256c7a588471b371f535020218800bdf9b71264f1005db25a5ea949e58df1c13803 - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
8e237f493901da6307155f56f5e0bf8a42ae7ade2bd30e66ee93f62447f8bf46, text SHA-256e5d46847af22315d8e9df538762776a1679e2bbbb1ae10a63300719a01e3ea47
Using editorial content in the media to promote a product where a trader has paid for the promotion without making that clear in the content or by images or sounds clearly identifiable by the consumer.
Chapter 1 (protection from unfair trading) of Part 4 (consumer rights and disputes), except sections 232, 234 and 235.
Fake or concealed-incentive consumer reviews
Aimed at the conduct. Schedule 20 lists commercial practices which are in all circumstances considered unfair (section 225). It applies to traders. Whether a repost, like or quote post is a "consumer review" under paragraph 13(5)(a) is a legal question; the definition covers "a review of a product, a trader or any other matter relevant to a transactional decision".
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | A consumer review: a review of a product or trader relevant to a buying decision (here, quote posts praising a launch) Treating a quote post as a consumer review is this entry's reading of paragraph 13. | On the page | Required |
| B | The review purports to be, but is not, based on genuine experience; or it was commissioned and that fact is not made apparent A missing label next to labelled look-alikes is consistent with a concealed incentive. Contracts and payments show who was commissioned. | On the page | Required |
| C | The trader submitted it or commissioned another person to submit or write it Contracts, briefs or payments show commissioning. | In a public record | Required |
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk (revised text), retrieved 2026-10-22
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Look-alike posts can also be fans copying a paid post. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts, the CMA and trading standards services decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
5877aa445ee67ccd6bd271d78ae0d7abf0c063ee493623ca99a26c8008ef6743, text SHA-256c7a588471b371f535020218800bdf9b71264f1005db25a5ea949e58df1c13803 - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
8e237f493901da6307155f56f5e0bf8a42ae7ade2bd30e66ee93f62447f8bf46, text SHA-256e5d46847af22315d8e9df538762776a1679e2bbbb1ae10a63300719a01e3ea47
(1) Submitting, or commissioning another person to submit or write— (a) a fake consumer review, or (b) a consumer review that conceals the fact it has been incentivised.
(a) “consumer review” means a review of a product, a trader or any other matter relevant to a transactional decision; (b) “fake consumer review” means a consumer review that purports to be, but is not, based on a person’s genuine experience; (c) a consumer review conceals the fact it has been incentivised if— (i) a person has been commissioned to submit or write the review, and (ii) that fact is not made apparent (whether through the contents of the review or otherwise);
Chapter 1 (protection from unfair trading) of Part 4 (consumer rights and disputes), except sections 232, 234 and 235.
Falsely representing oneself as a consumer
Aimed at the conduct. Schedule 20 lists commercial practices which are in all circumstances considered unfair (section 225). It applies to traders.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Posts present the speaker as an ordinary consumer giving their own view | On the page | Required |
| B | The speaker is in fact a trader, or acts for one | In a public record | Required |
| C | The impression is false | Not observable | Required |
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk (revised text), retrieved 2026-10-22
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. A fan-style post that shares a template with paid posts is look-alike evidence of payment. A match compares visible elements with the published text. Courts, the CMA and trading standards services decide whether the rule was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
5877aa445ee67ccd6bd271d78ae0d7abf0c063ee493623ca99a26c8008ef6743, text SHA-256c7a588471b371f535020218800bdf9b71264f1005db25a5ea949e58df1c13803 - Source 2: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
8e237f493901da6307155f56f5e0bf8a42ae7ade2bd30e66ee93f62447f8bf46, text SHA-256e5d46847af22315d8e9df538762776a1679e2bbbb1ae10a63300719a01e3ea47
Falsely claiming or creating the false impression that the trader is not acting for purposes relating to the trader’s business or falsely representing oneself as a consumer.
Chapter 1 (protection from unfair trading) of Part 4 (consumer rights and disputes), except sections 232, 234 and 235.
Fraud by false representation (for comparison)
Broader definition, shown for comparison. A criminal provision, and courts decide whether it applies. The extent recorded on legislation.gov.uk is England and Wales, and Northern Ireland.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | A representation is made (express or implied) | On the page | Required |
| B | The representation is untrue or misleading Whether the engagement or the posts misled anyone is a finding about facts behind the page. | Not observable | Required |
| C | The person making it knows it is, or might be, untrue or misleading | Not observable | Required |
| D | Made dishonestly | Not observable | Required |
| E | With intent to make a gain, or to cause loss or risk of loss | Not observable | Required |
- The National Archives, legislation.gov.uk (revised text), retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Shown for comparison. Four of the five elements concern falsity, knowledge, dishonesty and intent. Those sit behind the page, so the table keeps this definition as a comparison. The section turns on intent, and reliance and loss sit outside its elements. Courts decide whether it applies.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
8158f865b2b975a0a84a907b74abb3686d57145d1b9f19c4186ad6853c0c7aaf, text SHA-25660421b98c1cbe52a652ce2db9f744fb758ef4e035aaa7accd77e8a1a41d2c158
(1) A person is in breach of this section if he— (a) dishonestly makes a false representation, and (b) intends, by making the representation— (i) to make a gain for himself or another, or (ii) to cause loss to another or to expose another to a risk of loss.
(2) A representation is false if— (a) it is untrue or misleading, and (b) the person making it knows that it is, or might be, untrue or misleading.
Platform policies
X's Authenticity policy: engagement spam and account metric inflation
Aimed at the conduct. X's own terms for users of X. Policies change without notice; the retrieval date and hash record the version read.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Account metrics (likes, replies, reposts, views, follows) on the post are inflated Page signals are consistent with inflation. Two independent signal families are needed before this element is shown as matched. | On the page | Required |
| B | Accounts with copied or templated profile bios take part The policy names copied bios as one possible sign of a fake persona, for the purpose of deceiving others. Daylight Commons reads bio templates, and avatars, names, languages and places stay out of it. | On the page | Supporting |
| C | Someone coordinated with or compensated others to conduct the inflation Records off the page show who arranged the engagement and whether anyone was paid. | Not observable | Required |
- X Corp., X Help Center, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. Templated bios and bursts of reposts also come from real communities and from vendors acting on their own. A platform policy is the platform's own rule. A match compares visible elements with the published policy text, and X decides whether its policy was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
075e496e31a9ff197727f23d0d9efe007edaab31695a4482190734cf58a90f22
Engagement Spam: We prohibit inauthentic use of [X] engagement features to artificially impact traffic or disrupt people’s experience.
coordinating with and/or compensating others to conduct account metric inflation in any [X] features, including Likes, Polls, Replies, Reposts, Lists, Views, or Follows;
Fake personas: You may not use manufactured identities to engage in disruptive or deceptive behavior. This may include using stock, stolen or AI-generated profile photos, copied or stolen profile bios, and/or misleading profile information for the purpose of deceiving others.
X's Paid Partnerships policy: undisclosed paid partnership
Aimed at the conduct. X's own terms for users of X. Policies change without notice; the retrieval date and hash record the version read.
| Element | What it requires | Where it can be seen | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | The post is part of a paid partnership: a brand gave the poster compensation or incentives to promote its product Shown for labelled posts, by the poster's own disclosure. A partnership behind an unlabelled post sits off the page. | On the page | Required |
| B | It was published as an organic post | On the page | Required |
| C | The "Paid Partnership" disclosure is not on Daylight Commons sees unlabelled posts that share a template with labelled ones. That fits a missing disclosure, and it also fits fans copying a paid post. | On the page | Required |
- X Corp., X Help Center, retrieved 2026-10-22
What a match does not prove. A platform policy is the platform's own rule. A match compares visible elements with the published policy text, and X decides whether its policy was broken.
Quoted text and source hashes
- Source 1: retrieved copy, SHA-256 (raw-bytes)
06403ae56a3966a359c4c494aba9b4125958a65dcb873b34995809f636cf92ac
[X] defines paid partnerships as the involvement of a third-party brand providing compensation or incentives to a user, such as an influencer or content creator, to promote their product or service.
Posts that are part of a Paid Partnership published as an organic Post must have the “Paid Partnership” disclosure on.
Daylight Commons reads the site you are on. It contacts anything else only when you turn on Other coverage or evidence lookups and click. Free and open source under the AGPL-3.0.